Improvement in drill and bit stocks



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CHARLES 'H. AMIDON, OF MILLERS FALLS, MASSACHUSETTS. y

IMPROVEMENT IN DRILL AND BIT STOCKS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N0. 140,451, dated July 1, 1873; application filed October 31, 1872.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CHARLES H. AMmoN, of Millers Falls, in the county ot' Franklin and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Drill and Bit Stocks; and I do hereby declare the fol lowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view-of myinvention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same. Fig. 3 is a cross-section of the same. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of revolving head. Fig. 5 are diagrams showing different positions. Fig. 6 is an end view of jaws and brace-head.

The first part of my invention relates to that class of bit-stocks wherein the socket to receive the head or shank of the bit or other tool is provided with jaws having independent movements, and capable of conforming to any plane-surfaced solid, whatever may be the angular relations of said surfaces, for the purpose cf griping the same rmly, irrespective of said irregularities. Heretofore said jaws have been constructed to move at either or both ends, and to embrace the tool through nearly or quite the whole length of said jaws, and, consequently, they have not' been constructed to move upon centers. Therefore, from various causes--such as sticking or the presence of obstructing substances-they 'are in a greater or less degree uncertain in their action. My invention is designed to accomplish the same results without being subject to the same practical objections; it, therefore, consists in two sets of jaws independently pivoted, base to base, to the brace-head, and arranged to act against the-head or shank of the tool at both ends thereof, and, therefore, capable of gripin g said head with equal {irmness, whatever may be its form, whether plain or irregular, angular or cylindrical, in crosssection. It also consists in two sleeves having relative motions in opposite directions, so as simultaneously to compress all the several jaws.

That others may fullyunderstand this part of my invention, I will particularly describe it.

A A Al A are the jaws arranged in pairs between which the tool is to be secured. They are pivoted, base to base, to the slotted head one upon the other with a screw-threadsurrounding the head B, and having relative movements independent of 'said head, which will cause the simultaneous compression or release of the jaws A A Al A. The outer sleeve C moves in a screw-thread cut on the outer surface of sleeve D, and the latter is provided with a pin, d, which moves in a groove, b, in the head B, so that, while the sleeve C advances with a spiral movement or screw, the sleeve D advances with a rectilinear movement only. Said sleeves both inclose the free ends of their respect-ive sets of jaws, and act upon them, as shown. When any object having a uniform diameter is placed between said jaws, and the sleeve U is rotated so as to compress the jaws A A,

they will only cease to be compressed when they are in contact with the object interposed. Such rotation of the sleeve C causes, at the same time, a rectilinear movement of sleeve D and a simultaneous compression of jaws A A. When the object interposed is irregular or tapering, oneset of jaws will be in contact therewith sooner than the other set having a less distance through which to move, and an endwise movement of the head B may then take place. The movement of sleeveD will be accelerated, and the forcible or griping compression of the jaws will not occur until both `sets are equally in contact with the object init consists in a flanged sleeve which passes through said cap and incloses thev terminal spindle, to which it is secured by a screwcoupler. E is the ianged sleeve fitted to a central orifice in the cap F. Its outer surface near its end, is provided with a screw-thread to engage with the screw-socket G, which is permanently attached to the spindle H, but free to revolve thereon. I prefer to place a wooden quill, I, on the spindle H, and said quill lls snugly the interior of the sleeve E. Said quill and socket G are both retained upon said spindle by a head,'riveted or otherwise secured to the end of said spindle.

By this method of construction the cap F is capable of great ease and truth of motion, and, while securely retainedin position, it may,

, if required, be easily detached.

The third part of my invention relates to the gearing, its arrangement and manner of attachment, whereby the bit-stock may be readily changed into a hand-drill. To accomplish this purpose the shank J ofthe bit-stock is perforated axially, so as to receive a spindle, K, to the outer end of which the head, jaws, and sleeves A B C D are attached. The spindle K may be secured in place by a nut or other convenient means. At the end of the shank J there is a beveled wheel, L, and on the spindle K there is a beveled wheel, M, and motion is communicated from the former to the latter by means of a double intermediate bevelwheel, N, whereby the spindle K is speeded up as much as may be desired. The intermediate Wheel N is mounted upon a spindle, O, to which the handle P may be attached 3 and because, when the brace is employed for boring-bits, it is desirable that the intermediate wheelN and the handle should be removed. I constructv the spindle O as shown in Figs. 2 and S-that is to say, I hinge two pieces, o o, and bore out immediately below the hinge a bearing to fit the shank J, as shown, and below said bearing a shank, Q, is formed, divided in two parts longitudinally, as shown in Fig. 3, and provided with a screw-thread cut on its outer surface. This shank Q screws into the spindle O, which forms the bearing for the intermediate wheel N, and also serves to secure the two parts of the shank Q together. Thus the handle P and the intermediate wheel N may be easily and readily removed from the brace. At such time a pin should be inserted through the hole h to prevent the shank J and spindle Kfrom turnin gone upon the other while being used for boring. By leaving the intermediate wheel N in place, however, the pin in the hole h will not be required, as said intermediate wheel will then revolve with the brace, and no different movement will be communicated to the spindle K. The fourth part of my invention relates to a detachable frame, in which the brace may be mounted, so as to afford additional facilities far managing and executing the work. To this end I provide a frame, S, with a seat,f, at one end, to receive and hold the revolving cap F, and a hole, T, through which the shank R of the sleeve O may pass, when, by screwing on the handle P, the brace is irmly secured in the frame. Said frame may then be mounted upon a stationary pivot inserted through the hole T, or it may be secured between the jaws of a vice, as shown in Fig. 1. A tail-stock or table, U, may be mounted at the opposite end of the frame S, and may be adjusted back and forth thereon and secured by means of a bindingscrew, n. Y Y

The work is fed to the drill or other boring tool by means of a hand-lever, V, linked to said tail-stock, substantially as shown and described.

Having described my invention, whatI claim as new, is

1. Au adjustable socket formed by and between two sets of jaws, A A A A, independently pivoted, base to base, to the head B, and actuated by the means described or their equivalents.

2. The separate sets ofjaws A A A A, independently pivoted, base to base, to the head B, combined with a sleeve, D, having a rectilinear movement on the spline-groove b, and the sleeve G having a circular advancing motion on the screw-thread to actuate the said jaws, in the manner described.

3. The spindle H, with the quillI and loose screw-socket G, combined with the hollow coupler-sleeve E fitted over said spindle and quill, and engaging with said screw-socket to connect the cap F with the brace, as set forth.

et. The sleeve-spindle O combined with the jointed shank Q o o, as described, so as to be readily detachable, as set forth.

5. The combination of the pinion L on the shank J, intermediate double gear-wheel N, and pinion M 011 the spindle K, carrying the bit-head B, substantially as and for the purpose shown and described.

6. The frame S constructed in the manner described, with a rest, f, for the cap F, combined with an adjustable feeding device, U V, so that the whole may be secured in a common vise, and operated in the manner described.

CHARLES H. AMIDON.

Witnesses:

R. D. O. SMITH, GEO. BARTLE. 

